In 2019, HSE scholars Yevgenia Balabanova and Veronika Deminskaya published the results of Russia’s first study on the problem of ‘hostile’ behaviour by senior staff. In the U.S., companies lose $24 billion annually from the constant practice of humiliating and suppressing subordinates. Researchers did not calculate the losses in Russia, but they did find that ‘hostile’ behaviour by senior staff was common, with 56% of employees saying they had experienced it to one degree or another.
Freelancers are better off in this sense, but they also have problems. Drawing on extensive surveys of the self-employed, Denis Strebkov and Andrei Shevchuk found that such labour eats up more time than ‘exploitative office work.’
Freelancers often work at night
, on weekends and holidays. Still, they are not alone in this. More than 64% of Russians regularly work non-standard hours at their main place of employment. This problem is more acute in Russia than in all other European countries.
Anna Zudina and Nina Vishnevskaya found that 12% of try instagram live and igtv Russian youth belong in the category of NEET (Young People Not in Employment, Education or Training), a figure similar to the European average.
The number of workers of this age is shrinking
while the number of older workers is increasing. The number of workers aged 50 or more has grown by 30% — or 4.5 million people — since 2005. This helps the economy, said Rostislav Kapelyushnikov and Anna Lukyanova. The elderly can work jobs in which young people had been more prevalent, which is extremely important given the fact that the population is ageing: in the coming decades, the number of young people will continue to decline while the number of elderly will increase.
Age ‘regulates’ the possibility of employment and salary size: IQ.HSE interim chief executive officer wrote about ageism earlier. Another ‘regulator’ also came to light in 2019 — a person’s psychological canada cell numbers characteristics. How a person thinks, feels and conducts himself under certain circumstances affects the size of his salary. Ksenia Rozhkova was the first in Russia to measure the extent of this influence. Overall, character traits account for approximately 5% of the difference in salaries or roughly the same as the result of having a higher education.
Conscientiousness increases the chances of winning a job vacancy and openness contributes to higher incomes — a fact that cannot but please those who believe that people are responsible for their happiness. As many as 77% of those who consider themselves wealthy believe that life is determined by one’s efforts rather than external factors. Such wealthy individuals, however, account for only 23% of the general population.